This review is directed at understanding how neuronal death occurs in two distinct insults,
global ischemia and focal ischemia. These are the two principal rodent models for human …

Neuroprotection and brain repair in patients after acute brain damage are still major
unfulfilled medical needs. Pharmacological treatments are either ineffective or confounded …

Contrary to previous dogmas, it is now well established that brain cells can produce
cytokines and chemokines, and can express adhesion molecules that enable an in situ …

Tissue responses to ischemia influx into neurons. The gating of glutamate receptor–
activated channels effectively achieves membrane shunting, which spreads in waves …

Practically any stimulus capable of causing injury to a tissue or organ can, when applied
close to (but below) the threshold of damage, activate endogenous protective mechanisms …

Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in developed countries. Yet, in
spite of substantial research and development efforts, no specific therapy for stroke is …

Abstract Whereas uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) is clearly involved in thermogenesis, the
role of UCP-2 is less clear. Using hybridization, cloning techniques and cDNA array analysis …

Extensive evidence implicates inflammation in multiple phases of stroke etiology and
pathology. In particular, there is growing awareness that inflammatory events outside the …

Global cerebral ischemia occurs commonly in patients who have a variety of clinical
conditions including cardiac arrest (CA), shock, and asphyxia and in patients undergoing …

Object. Mild, traumatic repetitive head injury (RHI) leads to neurobehavioral impairment and
is associated with the early onset of neurodegenerative disease. The authors developed an …