Growth–defense tradeoffs are thought to occur in plants due to resource restrictions, which
demand prioritization towards either growth or defense, depending on external and internal …

The capacity to perceive and respond is integral to biological immune systems, but to what
extent can plants specifically recognize and respond to insects? Recent findings suggest …

The tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)(Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is a devastating
pest of tomato originating from South America. After its initial detection in eastern Spain in …

Precise allocation of limited resources between growth and defense is critical for plant
survival. In shade-intolerant species, perception of competition signals by informational …

Jasmonates (JAs) are naturally occurring plant growth regulators and ubiquitous in plant
kingdom. JAs are involved in the improvement of crop performance under natural and …

The plant hormone jasmonate (JA) exerts direct control over the production of chemical
defense compounds that confer resistance to a remarkable spectrum of plant-associated …

Phytohormones are natural chemical messengers that play critical roles in the regulation of
plant growth and development as well as responses to biotic and abiotic stress factors …

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a group of phytohormones that regulate various biological
processes in plants. Interactions and crosstalk between BRs and other plant hormones …

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a class of steroidal plant hormones that play diverse roles in
plant growth and developmental processes. Recently, the easy availability of biological …

Plants live in complex environments in which they intimately interact with a broad range of
other organisms. Besides the plethora of deleterious interactions with pathogens and insect …