The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays crucial roles in cardiovascular physiology
and pathophysiology. However, many of the signaling mechanisms have been unclear. The …

High blood pressure is present in more than one billion adults worldwide and is the most
important modifiable risk factor of death resulting from cardiovascular disease. While many …

Hypertension is available at http://hyper. ahajournals. org DOI: 10.1161/HYP.
0000000000000047 e8 Hypertension September 2016 distributed trait. Therefore, defining …

The teleology of sex differences has been argued since at least as early as Aristotle's
controversial Generation of Animals more than 300 years BC, which reflects the sex bias of …

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has a pivotal role in the maintenance of extracellular
volume homeostasis and blood pressure through complex mechanisms. Apart from the well …

Mammalian kidneys are specialized to maintain fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. The
epithelial transport processes along the renal tubule that match output to input have long …

The distal convoluted tubule is the nephron segment that lies immediately downstream of
the macula densa. Although short in length, the distal convoluted tubule plays a critical role …

Angiotensin II–induced hypertension is associated with an increase in T-cell production of
interleukin-17A (IL-17A). Recently, we reported that IL-17A−/− mice exhibit blunted …

Ample genetic and physiological evidence establishes that renal salt handling is a critical
regulator of blood pressure. Studies also establish a role for the immune system, T-cell …

Arterial aging is the major contributing factor to increases in the incidence and prevalence of
cardiovascular disease, due mainly to the presence of chronic, low-grade,'sterile'arterial …