Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a small subset of cells in tumors that are characterized by self-
renewal and continuous proliferation, lead to tumorigenesis, metastasis, and maintain tumor …

Cancer has been a leading cause of death for decades. This dismal statistic has increased
efforts to prevent the disease or to detect it early, when treatment is less invasive, relatively …

A complete understanding of how exposure to environmental substances promotes cancer
formation is lacking. More than 70 years ago, tumorigenesis was proposed to occur in a two …

Whole-genome sequencing has brought the cancer genomics community into new territory.
Thanks to the sheer power provided by the thousands of mutations present in each patient's …

Clinical and laboratory studies over recent decades have established branched evolution as
a feature of cancer. However, while grounded in somatic selection, several lines of evidence …

Recent identification of oncogenic cells within healthy tissues and the prevalence of indolent
cancers found incidentally at autopsies reveal a greater complexity in tumor initiation than …

The translational challenges in the field of precision oncology are in part related to the
biological complexity and diversity of this disease. Technological advances in genomics …

Distilling biologically meaningful information from cancer genome sequencing data requires
comprehensive identification of somatic alterations using rigorous computational methods …

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) shows remarkable variation in incidence that
is not fully explained by known lifestyle and environmental risk factors. It has been …

Cancer is driven by genomic mutations in 'cancer driver'genes, which have essential roles in
tumor development. These mutations may be caused by exposure to mutagens in the …