Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a worldwide prevalent respiratory disease
mainly caused by tobacco smoke exposure. COPD is now considered as a systemic disease …

Mitochondria are dynamic organelles, which couple the various cellular processes that
regulate metabolism, cell proliferation and survival. Environmental stress can cause …

Ageing is defined as a progressive decline of homeostasis that occurs after the reproductive
phase of life is complete, which is thought to arise because of impaired DNA repair following …

Conceptualized first in the field of geriatrics, frailty is a syndrome characterized by a
generalized vulnerability to stressors resulting from an accumulation of physiologic deficits …

Key points Nrf2 is a master regulator of endogenous cellular defences, governing the
expression of more than 200 cytoprotective proteins, including a panel of antioxidant …

Exercise training as part of pulmonary rehabilitation is arguably the most effective
intervention to improve tolerance to physical exertion in patients with chronic obstructive …

Because patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are often physically
inactive, it is still unclear whether the lower respiratory capacity in the locomotor muscles of …

PURPOSE: The impact of an acute bout of exercise, especially high-intensity exercise, on
the function of mitochondrial respiratory complexes is not well understood, with potential …

Key points Peak oxygen uptake, a primary determinant of prognosis, mortality and quality of
life, is diminished in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), with …

The number of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been rising
with continued exposure to environmental risk factors and aging of populations around the …