Helping B cells and antibody responses is a major function of CD4+ T cells. It has been 10
years since the publication of Bcl6 as the lineage-defining transcription factor for T follicular …

CD4+ T cells are crucial for directing appropriate immune responses during host defense
and for the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. In addition to the classical biphasic …

T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are required to develop germinal center (GC) responses and
drive immunoglobulin class switch, affinity maturation, and long-term B cell memory. In this …

Conventional immunization strategies will likely be insufficient for the development of a
broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) vaccine for HIV or other difficult pathogens because of …

Natural infections expose the immune system to escalating antigen and inflammation over
days to weeks, whereas nonlive vaccines are single bolus events. We explored whether the …

The identification and study of antigen-specific CD4 T cells, both in peripheral blood and in
tissues, is key for a broad range of immunological research, including vaccine responses …

Detection of Ag-specific CD4+ T cells is central to the study of many human infectious
diseases, vaccines, and autoimmune diseases. However, such cells are generally rare and …

As a major arm of the cellular immune response, CD4+ T cells are important in the control
and clearance of infections. Primarily described as helpers, CD4+ T cells play an integral …

A range of current candidate AIDS vaccine regimens are focused on generating protective
HIV-neutralizing Ab responses. Many of these efforts rely on the rhesus macaque animal …

Most simian–human immunodeficiency viruses (SHIVs) bearing envelope (Env)
glycoproteins from primary HIV-1 strains fail to infect rhesus macaques (RMs). We …