Innate and adaptive immunity represent a harmonic counterbalanced system involved in the
induction, progression, and possibly resolution of the inflammatory reaction that characterize …

Monocytes (Mo) and macrophages (Mϕ) are key components of the innate immune system
and are involved in regulation of the initiation, development, and resolution of many …

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that exhibits significant clinical
heterogeneity. There are various treatments for rheumatoid arthritis, including disease …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic, autoimmune and inflammatory disease
represented as synovitis, pannus formation, adjacent bone erosions, and joint destruction …

Macrophages are central to the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). They constitute
the main source of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as TNF and IL-1β, they …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that fine-tune the cell response to a
changing environment by modulating the cell transcriptome. miR-155 is a multifunctional …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by inflammation
of the synovial lining (synovitis). The inflammation in the RA joint is associated with and …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease. Joint inflammation
of RA is closely related to infiltration of immune cells, synovium hyperplasia, and superfluous …

Introduction This study investigates the metabolic activity of circulating monocytes and their
impact on pro‐inflammatory responses in RA and explores whether this phenotype is …

Abstract Background Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and macrophages play an important role in
rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Currently, it is not clear whether inflammatory M1 or anti …