Due to a blood supply shortage, articular cartilage has a limited capacity for self-healing
once damaged. Articular chondrocytes, cartilage progenitor cells, embryonic stem cells, and …

Early osteoarthritis (OA), characterised by cartilage defects, is a degenerative disease that
greatly affects the adult population. Cell-based tissue engineering methods are being …

Chondrocyte mechanotransduction is not well understood, but recently, it has been
proposed that mechanically activated ion channels such as transient receptor potential …

Pulse electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) have been shown to recruit calcium-signaling
cascades common to chondrogenesis. Here we document the effects of specified PEMF …

Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) are becoming increasingly popular in tissue
engineering. They are the most frequently used stem cell source for clinical applications due …

Mechanical stimulation plays in an important role in regulating stem cell differentiation and
their release of extracellular vesicles (EVs). In this study, effects of low magnitude hydrostatic …

Adult stem cells, also termed as somatic stem cells, are undifferentiated cells, detected
among differentiated cells in a tissue or an organ. Adult stem cells can differentiate toward …

The purpose of this review is to highlight recent developments in the synthesis of chiral 1, 4-
dihydropyridines and their fused analogues. 1, 4-Dihydropyridines are among the most …

Articular cartilage is vulnerable to mechanical overload and has limited ability to restore
lesions, which leads to the development of chronic diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA). In …

Osteoarthritis (OA) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) share many similar features,
including similar risk factors and molecular mechanisms. A great number of cardiovascular …