BACKGROUND Deformation parametersdstrain and strain rate Strain is a dimensionless
quantity of myocardial deformation. The so-called Langrangian strain (e) is mathematically …

Left ventricular (LV) twist or torsion represents the mean longitudinal gradient of the net
difference in clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of the LV apex and base, as viewed …

Background—Left ventricular (LV) torsion is due to oppositely directed apical and basal
rotation and has been proposed as a sensitive marker of LV function. In the present study …

The myofiber geometry of the left ventricle (LV) changes gradually from a right-handed helix
in the subendocardium to a left-handed helix in the subepicardium. In this review, we …

Doppler tissue imaging (DTI) and DTI-derived strain imaging are robust physiologic tools
used for the noninvasive assessment of regional myocardial function. As a result of high …

The left ventricle twists in systole storing potential energy and untwists (recoils) in diastole
releasing the energy. Twist aids left ventricular ejection and untwist aids relaxation and …

BACKGROUND: Two-dimensional strain imaging allows rapid and accurate analysis of
regional left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic mechanics in the longitudinal, radial, and …

During left ventricular (LV) torsion, the base rotates in an overall clockwise direction and the
apex rotates in a counterclockwise direction when viewed from apex to base. LV torsion is …

BACKGROUND: Speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) has a unique feature of angle
independence and, thus, may provide a powerful means of assessing left ventricular (LV) …

BACKGROUND: The left ventricle is not homogenous and is composed of 3 myocardial
layers. Until recently, magnetic resonance imaging has been the only noninvasive technique …