Operated since the end of 2009, the European Space Agency (ESA) Soil Moisture and
Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite mission is the first orbiting radiometer that collects regular …

Over the past decade, measurements from the climate-oriented ocean observing system
have been key to advancing the understanding of extreme weather events that originate and …

The ocean mixed layer is the interface between the ocean interior and the atmosphere or
sea ice and plays a key role in climate variability. It is thus critical that numerical models …

The spatial and temporal variation in multiscale structures during the rapid intensification of
Hurricane Michael (2018) are explored using a coupled atmospheric–oceanic dataset …

Tropical cyclones (TCs) are often accompanied by strong winds and torrential rains. While
the winds associated with TCs tend to enhance mixing in the upper ocean, the freshwater …

The influence of the Amazon–Orinoco River plume in the Caribbean Sea on latent and
sensible heat flux (enthalpy flux) and tropical cyclone (TC) intensity is investigated for …

Hurricanes fundamentally alter the upper ocean thermal structure across millions of square
kilometers annually through a medley of complex processes that are not well understood but …

Along with global warming, the obviously increasing trend in the freshwater flux (FWF) into
the ocean in the central tropical Pacific (CP) is causing a freshening trend in seawater to …

The thermodynamic effect of downdrafts on the boundary layer and nearby updrafts are
explored in idealized simulations of category-3 and category-5 tropical cyclones …

The connection relating upper-ocean salinity stratification in the form of oceanic barrier
layers to tropical cyclone (TC) intensification is investigated in this study. Previous works …