Background Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation positive (M+) non‐small cell
lung cancer (NSCLC) is an important subtype of lung cancer comprising 10% to 15% of non …

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide.
Around half of patients with HCC will receive systemic therapies during their life span. The …

Objective To determine the availability of data on overall survival and quality of life benefits
of cancer drugs approved in Europe. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Publicly …

Importance The randomized clinical trial (RCT) in oncology has evolved since its
widespread adoption in the 1970s. In recent years, concerns have emerged regarding the …

The value of any new therapeutic strategy or treatment is determined by the magnitude of its
clinical benefit balanced against its cost. Evidence for clinical benefit from new treatment …

Background Ramucirumab is a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody that targets the
extracellular domain of VEGFR-2. We aimed to assess efficacy and safety of treatment with …

Background: We performed an individual patient data meta-analysis to examine the impact
of first-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) …

Importance The strength of association between surrogate end points and survival in
oncology is important to understand because surrogate end points are frequently used in …

Background Surrogate outcomes are not intrinsically beneficial to patients, but are designed
to be easier and faster to measure than clinically meaningful outcomes. The use of …

No gold standard treatment exists for metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Clinical decision
making is based on knowledge of prognostic and predictive factors that are extrapolated …