The bubble transportation and bubble–steel–slag interactions in gas-stirring vessels in
metallurgical processes is a quite complicated multiphase flow, intricate with multiple time …

Ultralow-carbon steel production is crucial for several applications in the steelmaking
industry. Ruhrstahl–Heraeus (RH) degassing is a prominent method for decarburization …

Metallurgical reactors, especially in ironmaking/steelmaking process, characterise with high-
temperature turbulence, multiphase flow, mass/heat transfer and reactions. Computational …

To realize the optimal control of the zinc leaching process, an accurate mathematical model
is necessary. However, the modeling of zinc leaching process faces the challenges of …

The use of fuel fired crucible furnace is essential in the foundries of developing countries
owing to the luxury of electricity. Fuel fired crucible furnace are commonly used in recycling …