Fentanyl, fentanyl analogs and novel synthetic opioids: a comprehensive review

P Armenian, KT Vo, J Barr-Walker, KL Lynch - Neuropharmacology, 2018 - Elsevier
Deaths from opioid use are increasing in the US, with a growing proportion due to synthetic
opioids. Until 2013, sporadic outbreaks of fentanyl and fentanyl analogs contaminating the …

Designer drugs: mechanism of action and adverse effects

D Luethi, ME Liechti - Archives of toxicology, 2020 - Springer
Psychoactive substances with chemical structures or pharmacological profiles that are
similar to traditional drugs of abuse continue to emerge on the recreational drug market …

An updated review on synthetic cathinones

J Soares, VM Costa, ML Bastos, F Carvalho… - Archives of …, 2021 - Springer
Cathinone, the main psychoactive compound found in the plant Catha edulis Forsk.(khat), is
a β-keto analogue of amphetamine, sharing not only the phenethylamine structure, but also …

Reports of adverse events associated with use of novel psychoactive substances, 2013–2016: a review

BK Logan, ALA Mohr, M Friscia… - Journal of Analytical …, 2017 - academic.oup.com
Novel psychoactive substances (NPS) represent significant analytical and interpretive
challenges to forensic and clinical toxicologists. Timely access to case reports and reports of …

Postmortem toxicology of new synthetic opioids

M Concheiro, R Chesser, J Pardi… - Frontiers in …, 2018 - frontiersin.org
One hundred fifteen Americans die every day from opioid overdose. These overdose
fatalities have been augmented by the increased availability of potent synthetic opioids …

An expanding world of novel psychoactive substances: opioids

JB Zawilska - Frontiers in psychiatry, 2017 - frontiersin.org
The abuse of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) has been increasing dramatically
worldwide since late 2000s. By the end of 2015, more than 560 NPS had been reported to …

Death cases involving certain new psychoactive substances: a review of the literature

M Kraemer, A Boehmer, B Madea, A Maas - Forensic science international, 2019 - Elsevier
In the last decades, more and more new psychoactive substances (NPS) were introduced on
the drug market which were sold as “legal” alternatives for classic drugs and misused …

Acute intoxications and fatalities from illicit fentanyl and analogues: an update

S Pichini, R Solimini, P Berretta, R Pacifici… - Therapeutic drug …, 2018 - journals.lww.com
Illicit fentanyl and its analogues are very dangerous synthetic opioids, with high abuse
potential and severe adverse effects including coma and death. They are used as …

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of synthetic opioids belonging to the fentanyl class: a review

CA Valdez - Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry, 2022 - Taylor & Francis
The rising number of deaths caused by fentanyl overdosing in the US due to the
overwhelming illicit use of this synthetic opioid has started a global campaign to develop …

Drug interactions with new synthetic opioids

C Pérez-Mañá, E Papaseit, F Fonseca… - Frontiers in …, 2018 - frontiersin.org
Fentanyl, fentanyl analogs, and other new synthetic opioids (NSO) have burst onto the
illegal drug market as new psychoactive substances (NPS). They are often sold as heroin to …