Narcolepsy is the most common neurological cause of chronic sleepiness. The discovery
about 20 years ago that narcolepsy is caused by selective loss of the neurons producing …

One decade ago, our laboratory provided the first direct evidence linking orexin/hypocretin
signaling with drug seeking by showing that activation of these neurons promotes …

Hypocretin (orexin) and dynorphin are neuropeptides with opposing actions on motivated
behavior. Orexin is implicated in states of arousal and reward, whereas dynorphin is …

Orexins/hypocretins are hypothalamic peptides involved in arousal and wakefulness, but
also play a critical role in drug addiction and reward-related behaviors. Here, we review the …

The lateral hypothalamus is comprised of a heterogeneous mix of neurons that serve to
integrate and regulate sleep, feeding, stress, energy balance, reward, and motivated …

Binge eating is a behavior observed in a variety of human eating disorders. Ad libitum fed
rodents daily and time-limited exposed to a high-fat diet (HFD) display robust binge eating …

Considerable evidence suggests that transmission at hypocretin-1 (orexin-1) receptors (Hcrt-
R1) plays an important role in the reinstatement of extinguished cocaine-seeking behaviors …

The neuropeptide orexin/hypocretin (OX), while largely transcribed within the hypothalamus,
is released throughout the brain to affect complex behaviors. Primarily through the …

The long-lasting vulnerability to relapse remains the main challenge for the successful
treatment of drug addiction. Neural systems that are involved in processing natural rewards …

Compelling evidence indicates that hypocretin/orexin signaling regulates arousal, stress
and reward-seeking behaviors. However, most studies on drug reward-related processes …