Human topoisomerases comprise a family of six enzymes: two type IB (TOP1 and
mitochondrial TOP1 (TOP1MT), two type IIA (TOP2A and TOP2B) and two type IA (TOP3A …

ADP-ribosylation (ADPRylation) is a post-translational modification of proteins catalyzed by
ADP-ribosyl transferase (ART) enzymes, including nuclear PARPs (eg, PARP1 and PARP2) …

Mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA) is synthetic lethal with poly (ADP-ribose)
polymerase inhibitors (PARPi). Lethality is thought to derive from DNA double-stranded …

Oxidative and replication stress underlie genomic instability of cancer cells. Amplifying
genomic instability through radiotherapy and chemotherapy has been a powerful but …

Due to the DNA repair defect, BRCA1/2 deficient tumor cells are more sensitive to PARP
inhibitors (PARPi) through the mechanism of synthetic lethality. At present, several PAPRi …

Complete and accurate DNA replication requires the progression of replication forks through
DNA damage, actively transcribed regions, structured DNA and compact chromatin. Recent …

Genomic instability is a hallmark of cancer, and often is the result of altered DNA repair
capacities in tumour cells. DNA damage repair defects are common in different cancer types; …

Cells are exposed to various endogenous and exogenous insults that induce DNA damage,
which, if unrepaired, impairs genome integrity and leads to the development of various …

PRIMPOL repriming allows DNA replication to skip DNA lesions, leading to ssDNA gaps.
These gaps must be filled to preserve genome stability. Using a DNA fiber approach to …

High-fidelity DNA replication is critical for the faithful transmission of genetic information to
daughter cells. Following genotoxic stress, specialized DNA damage tolerance pathways …