Tornado waves (ToWs), which refer to a light that accelerates and twists over both the radial
and the angular directions, have gained a great deal of interest since the concept was …

Normally, intensity patterns of vortex beams are closed rings such as Laguerre–Gaussian
beams and Bessel–Gaussian beams. Recent studies showed that the vortex beams with …

The group velocity in the free space of space-time wave packets (STWPs) and light bullets
can be flexibly regulated by many advanced strategies; however, these regulations are …

From a geometric perspective, the caustic is the most classical description of a wave function
since its evolution is governed by the Hamilton–Jacobi equation. On the other hand …

As an approximate theory that is highly regarded for its computational efficiency, geometrical
optics (GO) is widely used for modeling waves in various areas of physics. However, GO …

Using angular spectral representation, we demonstrate a generalized approach for
generating high-dimensional elliptic umbilic and hyperbolic umbilic caustics by phase …

A new type of symmetric swallowtail beam (SSB) in the rectangle frame is introduced here.
These kinds of beams are highly tunable with multiple manipulation parameters. The focal …

Monocular polyplopia (ghost or multiple images) is a serious visual impediment for some
people who report seeing two (diplopia), three (triplopia) or even more images. Polyplopia is …

Optical caustics and wavefronts of butterfly beams (BBs) derived by using a catastrophe
theory determined by potential functions depending on the state and control variables are …

Designing extended-depth-of-focus wavefronts is required in multiple optical applications.
Caustic location and structure analysis offer a powerful tool for designing such wavefronts …