During the past decade, physical techniques such as optical tweezers and atomic force
microscopy were used to study the mechanical properties of DNA at the single-molecule …

The ability to detect low concentrations of analytes and in particular low‐abundance
biomarkers is of fundamental importance, eg, for early‐stage disease diagnosis. The …

The tools of molecular biology were used to solve an instance of the directed Hamiltonian
path problem. A small graph was encoded in molecules of DNA, and the" operations" of the …

Force-extension (Fx) relationships were measured for single molecules of DNA under a
variety of buffer conditions, using an optical trapping interferometer modified to incorporate …

Accurate measurements of promoter activities are crucial for predictably building genetic
systems. Here we report a method to simultaneously count plasmid DNA, RNA transcripts …

RNA polymerase (RNAP) moves along DNA while carrying out transcription, acting as a
molecular motor. Transcriptional velocities for single molecules of Escherichia coli RNAP …

Models for replication and transcription often display polymerases that track like locomotives
along their DNA templates. However, recent evidence supports an alternative model in …

The nature of the nucleosomal barrier that regulates access to the underlying DNA during
many cellular processes is not fully understood. Here we present a detailed map of histone …

Confocal fluorescence microscopy coupled with a diffraction-limited laser beam and a high-
efficiency detection system has been used to study the diffusive movement and emission …

The force produced by a single molecule of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase during
transcription was measured optically. Polymerase immobilized on a surface was used to …