As nanometer-scale portals in biological membranes, protein ionic channels act as
gatekeepers, controlling the traffic of ions and macromolecules into and out of cells …

Clostridial binary toxins (Clostridium perfringens Iota toxin, Clostridium difficile transferase,
Clostridium spiroforme toxin, Clostridium botulinum C2 toxin) as Bacillus binary toxins …

The human pathogenic bacterium Clostridioides difficile produces two exotoxins TcdA and
TcdB, which inactivate Rho GTPases thereby causing C. difficile‐associated diseases …

To intoxicate cells, pore-forming bacterial toxins are evolved to allow for the transmembrane
traffic of different substrates, ranging from small inorganic ions to cell-specific polypeptides …

Clostridioides (C.) difficile is clinically highly relevant and produces several AB-type protein
toxins, which are the causative agents for C. difficile-associated diarrhea and …

Perforation of cellular membranes by pore-forming proteins can affect cell physiology, tissue
integrity, or immune response. Since many pore-forming proteins are toxins or highly potent …

Protective antigen channel is the central component of the deadly anthrax exotoxin
responsible for binding and delivery of the toxin's enzymatic lethal and edema factor …

Introduction: Present-day rational drug design approaches are based on exploiting unique
features of the target biomolecules, small-or macromolecule drug candidates and physical …

The focus of this review is on the biophysical studies of the channel-forming bacterial toxins
that shed light upon the mechanisms of their toxicity and propose new approaches to block …

Cationic β-cyclodextrin derivatives were recently introduced as highly effective, potentially
universal blockers of three binary bacterial toxins: anthrax toxin of Bacillus anthracis, C2 …