Virus‐like particles (VLPs) are nanostructures composed of one or more structural proteins,
exhibiting stable and symmetrical structures. Their precise compositions and dimensions …

Protein‐based nanomaterials have broad applications in the biomedical and
bionanotechnological sectors owing to their outstanding properties such as high …

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are defined as artificial receptors due to their
selectivity and specificity. Their advantageous properties compared to biological alternatives …

Biosynthesis is the application of enzymes in microbial cell factories and has emerged as a
promising alternative to chemical synthesis. However, natural enzymes with limited catalytic …

The field of computational protein engineering has been transformed by recent
advancements in machine learning, artificial intelligence, and molecular modeling, enabling …