This narrative review presents a biological rationale and evidence to describe how the
preoperative condition of the patient contributes to postoperative morbidity. Any preoperative …

Skeletal muscle, the largest organ in the human body, accounting for approximately 40% of
body weight, plays important roles in exercise and energy expenditure. In the elderly, there …

During aging, body adiposity increases with changes in the metabolism of lipids and their
metabolite levels. Considering lipid metabolism, excess adiposity with increased lipotoxicity …

Peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) is a master regulator
of mitochondrial biogenesis. Reduced PGC-1α abundance is linked to skeletal muscle …

Sarcopenia, obesity and their coexistence, obese sarcopenia (OBSP) as well as
atherosclerosis-related cardio-vascular diseases (ACVDs), including chronic heart failure …

Living longer is associated with an increased risk of chronic diseases, including impairments
of the musculoskeletal and immune system as well as metabolic disorders and certain …

Aging is inevitable, but the inherently and genetically programmed aging process is
markedly influenced by environmental factors. All organisms are constantly exposed to …

Sarcopenia has been defined as a progressive decline of skeletal muscle mass, strength,
and functions in elderly people. It is accompanied by physical frailty, functional disability …

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is among the most widespread
metabolic disease globally, and its associated complications including insulin resistance …

Background Sarcopenia is a disease associated with aging and a negative prognosis.
Consensus‐based treatment consists in targeting muscle mass and function through …