It is well established that greenhouse conditions prevailed during the Cretaceous Period (~
145–66 Ma). Determining the exact nature of the greenhouse-gas forcing, climatic warming …

Latitudinal temperature gradients are a defining characteristic of the climate system. Using
thermometric indicators, including δ 18 O, plant and animal fossils, glycerol dialkyl glycerol …

The development of methods using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry to
analyze glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) has substantially expanded the …

The distribution of branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) in soils has been
shown to correlate with the soil pH and the mean annual air temperature (MAT). This has …

The early Eocene (56 to 48 million years ago) is inferred to have been the most recent time
that Earth's atmospheric CO 2 concentrations exceeded 1000 ppm. Global mean …

The bulk organic matter composition (total organic carbon (TOC) content and δ 13 C TOC)
and composition of isoprenoid and branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGT) in …

Global ocean temperatures rapidly warmed by~ 5° C during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal
Maximum (PETM;~ 56 million years ago). Extratropical sea surface temperatures (SSTs) met …

In this paper, we use molecular paleothermometry, based on the TEX 86 proxy derived from
fossilized archaeal lipids, to reconstruct absolute sea surface temperatures (SSTs) for the …

Quantitative estimates of past temperature changes are a cornerstone of paleoclimatology.
For a number of marine sediment-based proxies, the accuracy and precision of past …

Cenozoic evolution of the Antarctic ice sheets is thought to be driven primarily by long-term
changes in radiative forcing, but the tectonic evolution of Antarctica may also have played a …