It is becoming clearer how neurobiological mechanisms generate 'liking'and
'wanting'components of food reward. Mesocorticolimbic mechanisms that enhance …

The ventral tegmental area (VTA) is well known for regulating reward consumption, learning,
memory, and addiction behaviors through mediating dopamine (DA) release in downstream …

During the past 30 yr, investigating the physiology of eating behaviors has generated a truly
vast literature. This is fueled in part by a dramatic increase in obesity and its comorbidities …

Gonadal hormones contribute to the sexual differentiation of brain and behavior throughout
the lifespan, from initial neural patterning to “activation” of adult circuits. Sexual behavior is …

Dopamine neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) regulate reward association and
motivation. It remains unclear whether there are distinct dopamine populations to mediate …

The preBötzinger Complex (preBötC), a compact medullary region essential for generating
normal breathing rhythm and pattern, is the kernel of the breathing central pattern generator …

The lateral hypothalamus (LH) is a functionally and anatomically complex brain region that
is involved in the regulation of many behavioral and physiological processes including …

Aggressiveness has a high prevalence in psychiatric patients and is a major health problem.
Two brain areas involved in the neural network of aggressive behavior are the amygdala …

Despite the physiological complexity of the hypothalamus, its role is typically restricted to
initiation or cessation of innate behaviors. For example, theories of lateral hypothalamus …

Converging evidence for an essential function of the lateral hypothalamus (LHA) in the
control of feeding behavior has been accumulating since the classic work conducted almost …