The tumor cell signaling pathways that trigger the uncontrolled proliferation, resistance to
apoptosis, metastasis and escape from immune surveillance are partially understood. Toll …

Recent studies have suggested that a natural function of the immune system is to respond
and destroy aberrant, dysfunctional cells by a process called immunosurveillance. These …

To understand why cancer vaccine–induced T cells often do not eradicate tumors, we
studied immune responses in mice vaccinated with gp100 melanoma peptide in incomplete …

Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) is considered a promising modality for cancer treatment, but
despite ongoing improvements, many patients do not experience clinical benefits. The tumor …

The complexity of the tumor immunoenvironment is underscored by the emergence and
discovery of different subsets of immune effectors and regulatory cells. Tumor-induced …

Purpose: In this study, we assessed the specific role of BRAF (V600E) signaling in
modulating the expression of immune regulatory genes in melanoma, in addition to …

Immune escape is the final phase of cancer immunoediting process wherein cancer
modulates our immune system to escape from being destroyed by it. Many cellular and …

Over the last three decades, intravesical immunotherapy with the biological response
modifier Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) has been established as the …

Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells, orchestrating innate and
adaptive immunity during infections, autoimmune diseases, and malignancies. Since the …

Dendritic cells (DCs) can present extracellularly derived antigens in the context of major
histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules, a process called cross-presentation …