In response to the energy demand triggered by developmental signals and environmental
stressors, the cells launch the mitochondrial biogenesis process. This is a self‐renewal …

Sarcopenia is a loss of muscle mass and function in the elderly that reduces mobility,
diminishes quality of life, and can lead to fall-related injuries, which require costly …

Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are known to be associated with the development
of metabolic diseases, including diabetes. Oxidative stress, an imbalance between oxidative …

Aging results in remodeling of T cell immunity and is associated with poor clinical outcomes
in age-related diseases such as cancer. Among the hallmarks of aging, changes in host and …

Eukaryotic cells require sufficient oxygen (O2) for biological activity and survival. When the
oxygen demand exceeds its supply, the oxygen levels in local tissues or the whole body …

Abstract Sirtuins (SIRT1–SIRT7) are unique histone deacetylases (HDACs) whose activity
depends on NAD+ levels and thus on the cellular metabolic status. SIRTs regulate energy …

The key role of mitochondria in oxidative metabolism and redox homeostasis explains the
link between mitochondrial dysfunction and the development of metabolic disorders …

Defects in the renal fatty acid oxidation (FAO) pathway have been implicated in the
development of renal fibrosis. Although, compared with young kidneys, aged kidneys show …

Life as we know it cannot exist without the nucleotide nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
(NAD). From the simplest organism, such as bacteria, to the most complex multicellular …

There are several pathologies, syndromes, and physiological processes in which autophagy
is involved. This process of self‐digestion that cells trigger as a survival mechanism is …