Decreased antimicrobial efficiency has become a global public health issue. The paucity of
new antibacterial drugs is evident, and the arsenal against infectious diseases needs to be …

Anthrax is caused by the spore-forming, gram-positive bacterium Bacillus anthracis. The
bacterium's major virulence factors are (a) the anthrax toxins and (b) an antiphagocytic …

It has long been thought that shear band (SB) formation in amorphous solids initiates from
relatively “soft” regions in the material in which large-scale non-affine deformations become …

For many of the most important human bacterial infections, invasive disease severity is
fueled by the cell damaging and pro-inflammatory effects of secreted pore-forming toxins …

Clostridial binary toxins (Clostridium perfringens Iota toxin, Clostridium difficile transferase,
Clostridium spiroforme toxin, Clostridium botulinum C2 toxin) as Bacillus binary toxins …

To intoxicate cells, pore-forming bacterial toxins are evolved to allow for the transmembrane
traffic of different substrates, ranging from small inorganic ions to cell-specific polypeptides …

In this study, using bilayer lipid membrane technique, we report a novel facet of
antihemolytic activity of two tannins (1, 2, 3, 4, 5-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (PGG) and 1, 2 …

Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) delivers its protease domain across the vesicle membrane to
enter the neuronal cytosol upon vesicle acidification. This process is mediated by its …

Conspectus Pore forming toxins (PFTs) are the largest class of bacterial toxins playing a
central role in bacterial pathogenesis. They are proteins specifically designed to form …

Anti-virulence strategy has been considered as one of the most promising approaches to
combat drug-resistant bacterial infections. Pore-forming toxins (PFTs) are the largest class of …