Until recently, deep-level phylogeny in Lepidoptera, the largest single radiation of plant-
feeding insects, was very poorly understood. Over the past two decades, building on a …

Fossil age data and molecular sequences are increasingly combined to establish a
timescale for the Tree of Life. Arthropods, as the most species-rich and morphologically …

Butterflies are a diverse and charismatic insect group that are thought to have evolved with
plants and dispersed throughout the world in response to key geological events. However …

Butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera) are one of the major superradiations of insects,
comprising nearly 160,000 described extant species. As herbivores, pollinators, and prey …

Shifts in phenology are already resulting in disruptions to the timing of migration and
breeding, and asynchronies between interacting species,,,–. Recent syntheses have …

Biotic interactions underlie ecosystem structure and function, but predicting interaction
outcomes is difficult. We tested the hypothesis that biotic interaction strength increases …

Summary Butterflies (Papilionoidea), with over 18,000 described species [1], have
captivated naturalists and scientists for centuries. They play a central role in the study of …

High‐throughput sequencing is helping biologists to overcome the difficulties of inferring the
phylogenies of recently diverged taxa. The present study analyzes the phylogenetic signal of …

DNA barcodes are widely used for identification and discovery of species. While such use
draws on information at the DNA level, the current amassment of ca. 4.7 million COI …

The proliferation of DNA data is revolutionizing all fields of systematic research. DNA
barcode sequences, now available for millions of specimens and several hundred thousand …