In contrast to conventional hard actuators, soft actuators offer many vivid advantages, such
as improved flexibility, adaptability, and reconfigurability, which are intrinsic to living …

Locomotion and transport of microorganisms in fluids is an essential aspect of life. Search
for food, orientation toward light, spreading of off-spring, and the formation of colonies are …

We develop biohybrid magnetic microrobots by electrostatic self-assembly of nonmotile
sperm cells and magnetic nanoparticles. Incorporating a biological entity into microrobots …

Fluid dynamics plays a crucial role in many cellular processes, including the locomotion of
cells such as bacteria and spermatozoa. These organisms possess flagella, slender …

Infertility is a growing global health issue with far-reaching socioeconomic implications. A
downward trend in male fertility highlights the acute need for affordable and accessible …

A major puzzle in biology is how mammalian sperm maintain the correct swimming direction
during various phases of the sexual reproduction process. Whilst chemotaxis may dominate …

Dynamic tracking of human sperms across a large volume is a challenging task. To provide
a high-throughput solution to this important need, here we describe a lensfree on-chip …

Swimming microorganisms create flows that influence their mutual interactions and modify
the rheology of their suspensions. While extensively studied theoretically, these flows have …

Mammalian spermatozoa motility is a subject of growing importance because of rising
human infertility and the possibility of improving animal breeding. We highlight opportunities …

Sperm require a sense of direction to locate the egg for fertilization. They follow gradients of
chemical and physical cues provided by the egg or the oviduct. However, the principles …