In this article, we review the current technology underlying surface haptics that converts
passive touch surfaces to active ones (machine haptics), our perception of tactile stimuli …

The sense of touch is involved in nearly all human activities, but information technologies for
displaying tactile sensory information to the skin are rudimentary when compared to state‐of …

The Tactile Internet will enable users to physically explore remote environments and to
make their skills available across distances. An important technological aspect in this …

Electroadhesion (EA) is an electrically controllable adhesion mechanism that has been
studied and used in fields including active adhesion and attachment, robotic gripping …

The understanding and control of human skin contact against technological substrates is the
key aspect behind the design of several electromechanical devices. Among these, surface …

Compared to relatively mature audio and video human-machine interfaces, providing
accurate and immersive touch sensation remains a challenge owing to the substantial …

With content rapidly moving to the electronic space, access to graphics for individuals with
visual impairments is a growing concern. Recent research has demonstrated the potential …

The electrovibration tactile display could render the tactile feeling of different textured
surfaces by generating the frictional force through voltage modulation. When a user is …

We report an electroadhesive approach to controlling friction forces on sliding fingertips
which is capable of producing vibrations across an exceedingly broad range of tactile …

Both vision and touch contribute to the perception of real surfaces. Although there have
been many studies on the individual contributions of each sense, it is still unclear how each …