Insulin resistance is among the most prevalent endocrine derangements in the world, and it
is closely associated with major diseases of global reach including diabetes mellitus …

Schematic illustration of major signaling pathways of insulin action. The phosphorylated
insulin receptor binds and phosphorylates IRS proteins and Shc, which bind differentially to …

Evidence accumulated from clinical and basic research has indirectly implicated the insulin
receptor (IR) in brain cognitive functions, including learning and memory (Wickelgren …

The person who passes urine which is exceedingly sweet, cool, slightly viscid, turbid, and
resembling the juices of the sugarcane… suffers from glycosuria.… There are two types of …

I. History and Terminology: From Stein-Leventhal toFunctional Ovarian Hyperandrogenism
(FOH) IN 1935, Stein and Leventhal (1) reported the association of polycystic ovaries in …

Targeted gene mutations have established distinct, yet overlapping, developmental roles for
receptors of the insulin/IGF family. IGF-I receptor mediates IGF-I and IGF-II action on prenatal …

Acanthosis nigricans is a mucocutaneous eruption that occurs in a strikingly exuberant form
as a marker for a highly malignant and rapidly fatal internal cancer. Recently, it has been …

Background Several families have been described in which a mutation of mitochondrial
DNA, the substitution of guanine for adenine (A-to-G) at position 3243 of leucine transfer …

Since the discovery of the tyrosine kinase activity of the insulin receptor (IR), researchers
have been engaged in intensive efforts to resolve physiological functions of IR and its major …

In humans and most othervertebrates, the primary hormone involved in control ofblood
glucose is insulin. Insulin acts on cells to stimulate glucose, protein, and lipid metabolism, as …