The striatum is essential for learning which actions lead to reward and for implementing
those actions. Decades of experimental and theoretical work have led to several influential …

Here, we review the neural circuit bases of habits, compulsions, and addictions, behaviors
which are all characterized by relatively automatic action performance. We discuss relevant …

The dorsal striatum, the largest subcortical structure of the basal ganglia, is critical in
controlling motor, procedural, and reinforcement-based behaviors. Although in mammals the …

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) trained with machine learning techniques on cognitive
tasks have become a widely accepted tool for neuroscientists. In this short opinion piece, we …

The auditory striatum, a sensory portion of the dorsal striatum, plays an essential role in
learning and memory. In contrast to its roles and underlying mechanisms in operant …

Dopamine (DA) is a behaviorally and clinically diverse neuromodulator that controls CNS
function. DA plays major roles in many behaviors including locomotion, learning, habit …

Neurovascular defects are one of the most common alterations in Alzheimer's disease (AD)
pathogenesis, but whether these deficits develop before the onset of amyloid beta (Aβ) …

Microglia are important for brain homeostasis and immunity, but their role in regulating
vigilance remains unclear. We employed genetic, physiological, and metabolomic methods …

Highlights•Tail of the striatum (TS) is the sensory domain of the striatum.•TS may signal
stimulus-associated salience predictions to induce attentional shifts.•TS and TS-projecting …

Sleeping animals can be woken up rapidly by external threat signals, which is an essential
defense mechanism for survival. However, neuronal circuits underlying the fast transmission …