Background: Dentin is a permeable tubular composite and complex structure, and in weight,
it is composed of 20% organic matrix, 10% water, and 70% hydroxyapatite crystalline matrix …

Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is a secreted protein with important roles in mammalian
embryogenesis. During tooth development, Shh is primarily expressed in the dental …

Stem cell niches provide a microenvironment to support the self-renewal and multi-lineage
differentiation of stem cells. Cell-cell interactions within the niche are essential for …

Bone-forming osteoblasts have been a cornerstone of bone biology for more than a century.
Most research toward bone biology and bone diseases center on osteoblasts. Overlooked …

The hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway plays an essential role in both tissue development
and homeostasis. Glioma‐associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1) is one of the vital …

To investigate age and site-related changes to human dentin collagen, sound human teeth
collected from donors aged 13–29 (young) and 50–74 (aged) years (n= 9/group) were cut to …

Considerable amount of research has been focused on dentin mineralization, odontoblast
differentiation, and their application in dental tissue engineering. However, very little is …

Mutations in Dentin Sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) are known to cause, in order of increasing
severity, dentin dysplasia type-II (DD-II), dentinogenesis imperfecta type-II (DGI-II), and …

Background The periodontal ligament (PDL), which surrounds the tooth root, contains
mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) capable of differentiating into osteoblasts, cementoblasts …

Objective To determine the effect of patient age (young or mature), anatomical location
(shallow/deep and central/peripheral) and microscopic site (intertubular/peritubular) on …