Rationale The association between racial discrimination and adverse health outcomes has
been documented across an increasing body of evidence in recent years, although a close …

Psychologists, 1 sociologists, 2 3 demographers, 4 anthropologists, 5 and biologists6 have
actively promoted such an approach for many years. The interdisciplinary research area of …

During the latter half of the twentieth century, an explosion of research elucidated a growing
number of causes of disease and contributors to health. Biopsychosocial models that …

Yoav Ben-Shlomo a and Diana Kuh b (but it applies to many other continuous physiological
measures eg muscle strength, cognitive function), different periods across the life course …

Health and longevity are intimately related to position in the social hierarchy. The lower the
status, the higher risk of illness and death, and consequently the shorter the life expectancy …

Plasticity in developmental programming has evolved in order to provide the best chances of
survival and reproductive success to the organism under changing environments …

This article describes the Life Course Health Development (LCHD) framework, which was
created to explain how health trajectories develop over an individual's lifetime and how this …

Social environments and experiences get under the skin early in life in ways that affect the
course of human development. Because most factors associated with early child …

The persistence of stark health inequalities in today's world is painfully clear to see, not least
in the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic and falling life expectancy in many parts of the world …

The 1958 birth cohort or the National Child Development Study (NCDS) began as a study of
Perinatal Mortality focussing on just over 17 000 births in a single week in 1958. To address …