Submarine turbidity currents form the largest sediment accumulations on Earth, raising the
question of their role in global carbon cycles. It was previously inferred that terrestrial …

In recent decades, the land-ocean aquatic continuum, commonly defined as the interface, or
transition zone, between terrestrial ecosystems and the open ocean, has undergone …

Freshwater discharge from glaciers is increasing across the Arctic in response to
anthropogenic climate change, which raises questions about the potential downstream …

Viruses play an important role in the marine ecosystem. However, our comprehension of
viruses inhabiting the dark ocean, and in particular, under the Antarctic Ice Shelves, remains …

The element carbon plays a central role in climate and life on Earth. It is capable of moving
among the geosphere, cryosphere, atmosphere, biosphere and hydrosphere. This flow of …

Glaciers and ice sheets erode mountains and produce vast quantities of sediments that are
delivered to rivers and oceans, impacting global sediment and biogeochemical balances …

Ice in the environment plays a central role in both global-scale processes on Earth and
many human activities. Issues related to its description, including the modelling of natural ice …

Trace elements sustain biological productivity, yet the significance of trace element
mobilization and export in subglacial runoff from ice sheets is poorly constrained at present …

Climate-sensitive northern cryosphere inland waters emit greenhouse gases (GHGs) into
the atmosphere, yet their total emissions remain poorly constrained. We present a data …

Global warming accelerates melting of glaciers and increases the supply of meltwater and
associated inorganic particles, nutrients, and organic matter to adjacent coastal seas, but the …