Plant diseases caused by necrotrophic fungal pathogens result in large economic losses in
field crop production worldwide. Effectors are important players of plant-pathogen interaction …

Phytophthora species are notorious pathogens of several economically important crop
plants. Several general elicitors, commonly referred to as Pathogen-Associated Molecular …

Proteolytic activation of cytokines regulates immunity in diverse organisms. In animals,
cysteine-dependent aspartate-specific proteases (caspases) play central roles in cytokine …

Salivary elicitors secreted by herbivorous insects can be perceived by host plants to trigger
plant immunity. However, how insects secrete other salivary components to subsequently …

Effector proteins secreted by plant pathogenic fungi are important artilleries against host
immunity, but there is no precedent of such effectors being explored as antifungal targets …

The citrus industry is facing an unprecedented challenge from Huanglongbing (HLB). All
cultivars can be affected by the HLB-associated bacterium 'Candidatus Liberibacter …

The diversification of effector function, driven by a co-evolutionary arms race, enables
pathogens to establish compatible interactions with hosts. Structurally conserved plant …

Phytohormones regulate a large variety of physiological processes in plants. In addition,
salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), and ethylene (ET) are responsible for primary …

Sedentary endoparasitic nematodes, such as root-knot nematodes (RKN; Meloidogyne spp.)
and cyst nematodes (CN; Heterodera spp. and Globodera spp.) cause considerable …

Endophytic fungi colonize interior plant tissue and mostly form mutualistic associations with
their host plant. Plant-endophyte interaction is a complex mechanism and is currently a …