West Nile virus (WNV)(Flavivirus: Flaviviridae) is the most widespread arbovirus in the world.
A significant range expansion occurred beginning in 1999 when the virus was introduced …

Landscape epidemiology describes how the temporal dynamics of host, vector, and
pathogen populations interact spatially within a permissive environment to enable …

Emerging infectious diseases present a formidable challenge to the conservation of native
species in the twenty-first century. Diseases caused by introduced pathogens have had …

West Nile virus (WNV), first recognized in North America in 1999, has been responsible for
the largest arboviral epiornitic and epidemic of human encephalitis in recorded history …

The introduction, dispersal and establishment of West Nile virus in North America were
reviewed, focusing on factors that may have enhanced receptivity and enabled the invasion …

Recent infectious disease models illustrate a suite of mechanisms that can result in lower
incidence of disease in areas of higher disease host diversity–the 'dilution effect'. These …

The vertebrate hosts of 672 blood-engorged Culex quinquefasciatus Say, collected in Harris
County, Texas, during 2005, were identified by nucleotide sequencing PCR products of the …

The strain of West Nile virus (WNV) currently epidemic in North America contains a genetic
mutation elevating its virulence in birds, especially species in the family Corvidae. Although …

Abstract Knowledge of pathogen ecology, including the impacts of environmental factors on
pathogen and host dynamics, is essential for determining the risk that zoonotic pathogens …

West Nile virus (WNV) invaded New York in 1999 and rapidly swept across the North
American continent to the West Coast, north into southern Canada and south into Latin …