Increases in river fragmentation globally threaten freshwater biodiversity. Rivers are
fragmented by many agents, both natural and anthropogenic. We review the distribution and …

Riverine macrosystems are described here as watershed‐scale networks of connected and
interacting riverine and upland habitat patches. Such systems are driven by variable …

Rivers support some of Earth's richest biodiversity and provide essential ecosystem services
to society, but they are often fragmented by barriers to free flow. In Europe, attempts to …

Dams contribute to water security, energy supply, and flood protection but also fragment
habitats of freshwater species. Yet, a global species-level assessment of dam-induced …

Andes-to-Amazon river connectivity controls numerous natural and human systems in the
greater Amazon. However, it is being rapidly altered by a wave of new hydropower …

Connectivity describes the efficiency of material transfer between geomorphic system
components such as hillslopes and rivers or longitudinal segments within a river network …

The global number of dam constructions has increased dramatically over the past six
decades and is forecast to continue to rise, particularly in less industrialized regions …

Despite significant recent advancements, global hydrological models and their input
databases still show limited capabilities in supporting many spatially detailed research …

Protecting hydrologic connectivity of freshwater ecosystems is fundamental to ensuring
species persistence, ecosystem integrity, and human well-being. More frequent and severe …

Connectivity describes the degree to which matter and organisms can move among spatially
defined units in a natural system. River connectivity is typically described in longitudinal …