Infection susceptibility, poor vaccination efficacy, age-related disease onset, and neoplasms
are linked to innate and adaptive immune dysfunction that accompanies aging (known as …

Recent evidence indicates that mitochondria lie at the heart of immunity. Mitochondrial DNA
acts as a danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP), and the mitochondrial outer …

T cell subsets are critically involved in the development of systemic autoimmunity and organ
inflammation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Each T cell subset function (such as …

Nearly 130 years after the first insights into the existence of mitochondria, new
rolesassociated with these organelles continue to emerge. As essential hubs that dictate cell …

Studies of immune system metabolism (" immunometabolism") segregate along two paths.
The first investigates the effects of immune cells on organs that regulate whole-body …

INTRODUCTION Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are important cells within the immune
system that are able to recognize and destroy cancer and virally infected cells. Killing is …

Naive T cell stimulation activates anabolic metabolism to fuel the transition from quiescence
to growth and proliferation. Here we show that naive CD4+ T cell activation induces a …

Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific CD8 T cells are functionally exhausted in chronic hepatitis B
infection, and this condition can be corrected only partially through the modulation of …

CD8+ T cells undergo major metabolic changes upon activation, but how metabolism
influences the establishment of long-lived memory T cells after infection remains a key …

Clearance or control of pathogens or tumors usually requires T‐cell‐mediated immunity. As
such, understanding the mechanisms that govern the function, maintenance, and …