This review and data analysis outline how fish biologists should most reliably estimate the
minimal amount of oxygen needed by a fish to support its aerobic metabolic rate (termed …

Most fish studied to date efficiently compensate for a hypercapnic acid-base disturbance;
however, many recent studies examining the effects of ocean acidification on fish have …

Maximum (aerobic) metabolic rate (MMR) is defined here as the maximum rate of oxygen
consumption (O2max) that a fish can achieve at a given temperature under any ecologically …

Interest in the measurement of metabolic rates is growing rapidly, because of the importance
of metabolism in advancing our understanding of organismal physiology, behaviour …

Equatorial populations of marine species are predicted to be most impacted by global
warming because they could be adapted to a narrow range of temperatures in their local …

Post‐exercise mortality (PEM) may occur when fish exercise to exhaustion and are pushed
so far beyond their physiological limits that they can no longer sustain life. Although fish …

Metabolic rate is one of the most widely measured physiological traits in animals and may
be influenced by both endogenous (eg body mass) and exogenous factors (eg oxygen …

Global warming is expected to reduce body sizes of ectothermic animals. Although the
underlying mechanisms of size reductions remain poorly understood, effects appear …

Previous studies hailed thermal tolerance and the capacity for organisms to acclimate and
adapt as the primary pathways for species survival under climate change. Here we …

Survival depends on appropriate behavioural and physiological responses to danger. In
addition to active 'fight‐flight'defence responses, a passive 'freeze‐hide'response is adaptive …