Background Electronic nicotine-delivery systems—also called e-cigarettes—are used by
some tobacco smokers to assist with quitting. Evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of …

Renal fibrosis, characterized by excessive accumulation of the extracellular matrix in the
renal tubulointerstitium, can lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD), resulting in a heavy …

8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is the most widely used oxidative stress biomarker of
the free radical-induced oxidative damage product of DNA, which may allow a premature …

Tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) are probably carcinogenic disinfection byproducts
eliciting health risk concerns. The determination and surveillance of TSNAs in water is still …

As widespread environmental carcinogens causing esophageal carcinoma (EC), the effects
of N-nitrosamines on human health hazards and accurate toxicity mechanisms have not …

Background Increasing evidence shows that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
exposure may adversely affect human health. However, the links between combined …

Cigarette smoke is a rich source of free radicals that can promote oxidative stress and
carcinogenesis including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) development; …

The role of cigarette smoking as an aggravating factor of systemic oxidative stress in patients
with mental disorders has not been extensively investigated, although significantly higher …

Aim The oxidative balance score (OBS), a composite score of dietary nutrients and lifestyles,
reflects an individual's oxidative and antioxidant status. Evidence showed that oxidative …

Introduction A few past experimental studies have indicated that exposure to volatile organic
compounds (VOCs) might be a potential risk factor for diabetes retinopathy (DR). However …