Induction of immune responses following oral immunization is frequently dependent upon
the co-administration of appropriate adjuvants that can initiate and support the transition …

In developing veterinary mucosal vaccines and vaccination strategies, mucosal adjuvants
are one of the key players for inducing protective immune responses. Most of the mucosal …

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is a cAMP-regulated
chloride channel localized primarily at the apical or luminal surfaces of epithelial cells that …

We have produced a functional heat labile enterotoxin (LT-) B subunit of Escherichia coli in
maize. LT-B is a multimeric protein that presents an ideal model for an edible vaccine …

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) produces both heat-labile (LT) and heat-stable (ST)
enterotoxins and is a major cause of diarrhea in infants in developing countries and in …

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the predominant pathogen causing chronic gastric mucosal
infections globally. During the period from 2011 to 2022, the global prevalence of H. pylori …

Identifying new, effective biomarkers for diseases is proving to be a challenging problem.
We have proposed that antibodies may offer a solution to this problem. The physical features …

The presence of excessive hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S)-producing bacteria, particularly
Bilophila wadsworthia in appendices, is linked to a weaker colonic mucus barrier …

Hosts are protected from attack by potentially harmful enteric microorganisms, viruses, and
parasites by the polarized fully differentiated epithelial cells that make up the epithelium …

Cholera epidemics caused by Vibrio cholerae El Tor O1 strains are typified by a large
number of asymptomatic carriers who excrete vibrios but do not develop diarrhea. This …