The Asian monsoon anticyclone (AMA) represents one of the wettest regions in the lower
stratosphere (LS) and is a key contributor to the global annual maximum in LS water vapour …

Abstract On 27 August 2013, during the Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition,
Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys field mission, NASA's ER‐2 research …

The NASA ER-2 aircraft sampled the lower stratosphere over North America during the field
mission for the NASA Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and …

Deep convection that penetrates the tropopause, referred to here as overshooting
convection, is capable of lifting tropospheric air well into the stratosphere. In addition to …

In the tropics, the tropopause is exceptionally cold and air entering the stratosphere is
dehydrated down to a few parts per million leading to the extreme dryness of Earth's …

We analyzed the interaction between the North American monsoon anticyclone (NAMA) and
summertime cross‐tropopause convective outflow by applying a trajectory analysis to a …

Nearly all air enters the stratosphere through the tropical tropopause layer (TTL). The TTL
therefore exerts a control on stratospheric chemistry and climate. The hemispheric …

Aerosol particles play a critical role in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) through cloud
formation and heterogeneous chemistry, influencing the radiative and chemical balance of …

We analyzed the effect of the North American monsoon anticyclone (NAMA) on the
meridional transport of summertime cross‐tropopause convective outflow by applying a …

Vertical profiles of carbon dioxide (CO 2) mixing ratio in the equatorial eastern and western
Pacific were measured by newly developed balloon-borne CO 2 sondes in February 2012 …