Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), an important cause of chronic low back pain (LBP), is
considered the pathological basis for various spinal degenerative diseases. A series of …

The intervertebral disc (IVD) aids in motion and acts to absorb energy transmitted to the
spine. With little inherent regenerative capacity, degeneration of the intervertebral disc …

Background The incidence of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a common
degenerative disease with inflammation, decreased autophagy, and progression of fibrosis …

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a common cause of low back pain in diabetes
mellitus type 2 (T2DM) patients. Its pathogenesis and the vitamin (vit.) K2 influence on this …

A growing body of evidence in humans and animal models indicates an association
between intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and increased fibrotic elements in the …

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) may be the primary cause of low back pain. Potential
therapeutics for IDD must be validated in animal models, and their effectiveness quantified …

Background Numerous investigations have suggested links between circulating
inflammatory proteins (CIPs) and spinal degenerative diseases (SDDs), but causality has …

Low back pain (LBP) may profoundly impact the quality of life across the globe, and
intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is the major cause of LBP; however, targeted …

Intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH) is observed in humans as a result of the alteration of
annulus fibrous (AF) and nucleus pulposus (NP) tissue compositions in intervertebral discs …

Background Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is the main clinical cause of low back pain. The
pathogenesis of lumbar disc herniation is still uncertain, while it is often accompanied by …