Abstract Arab Gulf Cooperation Council countries are considered as one of the most regions
exhibiting a high prevalence of diabetes including the kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Bahrain …

In the last decade, an increasing awareness was directed to the role of Vitamin D in non-
skeletal and preventive roles for chronic diseases. Vitamin D is an essential hormone in …

Background: Obesity and maternal age are the two most important factors independently
affecting the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, the age differences in the …

Over the last few decades, several definitions of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have
been described. There is currently not enough research to show which way is the best to …

Maternal exposure to PM 2.5 has been associated with abnormal glucose tolerance during
pregnancy, but little is known about which constituents and sources are most relevant to …

Objective With the rapid rising prevalence, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has become
one of the leading causes of maternal and child mortality and morbidity worldwide. The …

Background. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common complications
of pregnancy, and nutritional therapy is the basis of GDM treatment. However, the effects of …

Objective To investigate the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and its
determinants among pregnant women in the Tongzhou district of Beijing, China. Methods …

Abstract Background Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a major cause of maternal, fetal, and
neonatal morbidities. Our objective was to estimate the effect of both pre-pregnancy and …

Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) causes serious complications affecting the
mother and fetus. Physical activity (PA) during pregnancy has positive effects on the mother …