Tumor immunotherapy has transformed neoplastic disease management, yet low response
rates and immune complications persist as major challenges. Extracellular vesicles …

Recent proteogenomic studies revealed extensive translation outside of annotated protein
coding regions, such as non-coding RNAs and untranslated regions of mRNAs. This non …

In plants, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate disease resistance against fungi and
other pathogens. However, the specific mechanism behind this regulation remains unclear …

Rationale: Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) phenotype switch from contractile to
proliferative phenotype is a pathological hallmark in various cardiovascular diseases …

Lung cancer is one of the most aggressive and deadliest health threats. There has been an
increasing interest in non-coding RNA (ncRNA) recently, especially in the areas of …

Studies have revealed dozens of functional peptides in putative 'noncoding'regions and
raised the question of how many proteins are encoded by noncanonical open reading …

With technological advances, previously neglected noncanonical open reading frames
(nORFs) are drawing ever-increasing attention. However, the translation potential of …

Endogenous peptide hormones represent an essential class of biomolecules, which
regulate cell–cell communications in diverse physiological processes of organisms. Mass …

Small open reading frames (sORFs) are often overlooked features in genomes. In the past,
they were labeled as noncoding or “transcriptional noise”. However, accumulating evidence …

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a type of transcript that is> 200 nucleotides long with
no protein-coding capacity. Accumulating studies have suggested that lncRNAs contain …