The ionospheric equivalent slab thickness (τ) is a parameter characterizing both the
distribution of the plasma in the ionosphere and the shape of the corresponding vertical …

This paper presents how the magnetosphere–plasmasphere–ionosphere system was
affected as a whole during the geomagnetic storm peaking on 27 May 2017. The …

Scientists can study the global ionospheric weather by manually or automatically scaling
ionograms recorded by global ionosondes to obtain characteristic values of D, E, F regions …

Recent advances in computing technologies have renewed interest in the intelligent
systems for automatic interpretation of ionograms, images obtained by remote sensing of the …

The three-dimensional (3-D) electron density representation of the ionosphere computed by
the assimilative IRI-SIRMUP-P (ISP) model was tested using IONORT (IONOspheric Ray …

This paper presents a comparison between standard ionospheric parameters manually and
automatically scaled from ionograms recorded at the high-latitude Sodankylä Geophysical …

The HF propagation model, North Ionospheric Model and Ray Tracing (NIM-RT) was
developed and tested for a number of years by comparing measured vertical and oblique …

Vertical incidence ionograms indicate ionospheric characteristics over the ionosonde
station, from which electron density profiles can be derived. This paper describes a method …

This work describes several important improvements made to the International Reference
Ionosphere UPdate (IRI UP) method, and a careful validation of its performances under …

Inversion of ionograms from vertical measurements is significant for studying the ionospheric
structure and ionospheric wave propagation, and it has attracted widespread attention. The …