Neurochemical events involving biosignals of different time and space dimensionalities
constitute the complex basis of neurological functions and diseases. In view of this fact …

Neuron interface devices can be used to explore the relationships between neuron firing
and synaptic transmission, as well as to diagnose and treat neurological disorders, such as …

The study of subcellular targets and biochemical processes within a living cell is valuable for
biological and medical research. Secretory vesicles, one such important intracellular target …

Recent years have witnessed a spurt of progress in the application of the encoding and
decoding of neural activities to drug screening, diseases diagnosis, and brain–computer …

Non-invasive, non-destructive, and label-free sensing techniques are required to monitor
real-time stem cell differentiation. However, conventional analysis methods, such as …

Microelectrode arrays (MEA) are extensively utilized in encoding studies of retinal ganglion
cells (RGCs) due to their capacity for simultaneous recording of neural activity across …

Although in vitro neuronal network models hold great potential for advancing neuroscience
research, with the capacity to provide fundamental insights into mechanisms underlying …

In situ physiological signals of in vitro neural disease models are essential for studying
pathogenesis and drug screening. Currently, an increasing number of in vitro neural disease …

A bidirectional in vitro brain–computer interface (BCI) directly connects isolated brain cells
with the surrounding environment, reads neural signals and inputs modulatory instructions …

Both the cellular-and population-level properties of involved neurons are essential for
unveiling the learning and memory functions of the brain. To give equal attention to these …