Neurotransmitters are molecules that amplify, transmit, and convert signals in cells, having
an essential role in information transmission throughout the nervous system. Hundreds of …

Mitochondria play a pivotal role in bioenergetics and respiratory functions, which are
essential for the numerous biochemical processes underpinning cell viability. Mitochondrial …

Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity is an important mechanism leading to post ischemic
stroke damage. After acute stroke, the sudden reduction in cerebral blood flow is most …

Chitosan is a biodegradable and biocompatible natural polymer that has been extensively
explored in recent decades. The Food and Drug Administration has approved chitosan for …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common age-related neurodegenerative disorder that
is characterized by amyloid β-protein deposition in senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles …

Mitochondria and lysosomes are critical for cellular homeostasis, and dysfunction of both
organelles has been implicated in numerous diseases. Recently, interorganelle contacts …

Among the age-dependent protein aggregation disorders, nine neurodegenerative diseases
are caused by expansions of CAG repeats encoding polyglutamine (polyQ) tracts. We …

Transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels constitute a group of receptor-
operated calcium-permeable nonselective cation channels of the TRP superfamily. The …

Technological advances of mankind, through the development of electrical and
communication technologies, have resulted in the exposure to artificial electromagnetic …

Calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis is essential for neuronal function and survival. Altered Ca2+
homeostasis has been consistently observed in neurological diseases. How Ca2+ …