A hidden carbon cycle exists inside Earth. Every year, megatons of carbon disappear into
subduction zones, affecting atmospheric carbon dioxide and oxygen over Earth's history …

Some 300–600 Tg of volatiles are globally vented each year by arc volcanism. Such arc gas
emissions have contributed to past and present-day evolution of the Earth atmosphere and …

Volcanism and metamorphism are the principal geologic processes that drive carbon
transfer from the interior of Earth to the surface reservoir. 1–4 Input of carbon to the surface …

This paper examines phreatic eruptions which are driven by inputs of magma and magmatic
gas. We synthesize data from several significant phreatic systems, including two in Costa …

Carbon and other volatiles in the form of gases, fluids or mineral phases are transported
from Earth's surface into the mantle at convergent margins, where the oceanic crust …

The global carbon dioxide (CO2) flux from subaerial volcanoes remains poorly quantified,
limiting our understanding of the deep carbon cycle during geologic time and in modern …

High-precision electron microprobe analyses were obtained on olivine grains from
Klyuchevskoy, Shiveluch and Gorely volcanoes in the Kamchatka Arc; Irazú, Platanar and …

Abstract Eruptive activity at Turrialba Volcano (Costa Rica) has escalated significantly since
2014, causing airport and school closures in the capital city of San José. Whether or not new …

Volcanic eruptions involving interaction with water are amongst the most violent and
unpredictable geologic phenomena on Earth. Phreatic eruptions are exceptionally difficult to …

The degassing of CO2 and S from arc volcanoes is fundamentally important to global
climate, eruption forecasting, ore deposits, and the cycling of volatiles through subduction …