The human body hosts an enormous abundance and diversity of microbes, which perform a
range of essential and beneficial functions. Our appreciation of the importance of these …

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a leading cause of worldwide disability among mood disorders.
Pathological mechanisms are still vastly unclear, and current treatments with conventional …

For several decades, there has been considerable interest in marine‐derived long chain n‐3
fatty acids (n‐3 LCPUFAs) due to their outstanding health benefits. n‐3 LCPUFAs can be …

BACKGROUND: We conducted a meta-analysis of studies comparing cytokine
concentrations between patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and healthy control subjects …

Here, we review a novel concept namely the compensatory immune-regulatory reflex system
(CIRS) as applied to the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar …

The inflammatory hypothesis of schizophrenia (SZ) posits that inflammatory processes and
neural–immune interactions are involved in its pathogenesis, and may underpin some of its …

Elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines exist in both blood and brain of people with
schizophrenia but how this affects molecular indices of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) is …

Upregulation of the immune response may be involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia
with changes occurring in both peripheral blood and brain tissue. To date, microarray …

Objectives There is evidence that the gut microbiota plays a major role in the pathogenesis
of diseases of the central nervous system through the gut–brain axis. The aim of the present …

Background Bipolar disorder may be associated with peripheral immune system
dysfunction; however, results in individual studies are conflicting. Our aim was to …