Most people that experience illicit drugs do so for the first time during adolescence, and
methamphetamine (meth) is no exception. Therefore, research into the effects of meth …

Addiction to psychostimulants like cocaine, methamphetamine, and nicotine poses a
continuing medical and social challenge both in the United States and all over the world …

Background: Opiate addiction is associated with complex cognitive impairment, which
contributes to the development of compulsive drug use and relapses. Dopamine and N …

Methiopropamine (MPA) is structurally categorized as a thiophene ring-based
methamphetamine (MA) derivative. Although abusive potential of MPA was recognized, little …

Background Methamphetamine use is associated with a variety of negative health
outcomes, including psychosis. The frontal cortex serotonin receptors are thought to …

Instrumental actions are initially goal-directed and driven by their associated outcome.
However, with repeated experience habitual actions develop which are automated and …

对氯苯丙氨酸作为色氨酸羟化酶抑制剂, 可以阻断和耗竭脑内5-羟色胺的合成, 导致失眠. 近年来,
使用对氯苯丙氨酸建立失眠动物模型, 因其简单实用, 造模效果确切等因素在动物实验中越来越 …

Operant conditioning (OC) is a classical paradigm and a standard technique used in
experimental psychology in which animals learn to perform an action to achieve a reward …

Amphetamine (AMPH) abuse can influence neuropsychiatric disorders and cell apoptosis by
interfering with the protein kinase B/glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (AKT/GSK3β) pathway …

Background Cocaine abusers have impaired inhibitory Cocaine use is associated with
impaired inhibitory control. This study determined the feasibility, acceptability, and initial …